Russian Federation
Russian Federation
BBK 26 Науки о Земле
BISAC NAT010000 Ecology
BISAC NAT045050 Ecosystems & Habitats / Coastal Regions & Shorelines
BISAC NAT025000 Ecosystems & Habitats / Oceans & Seas
BISAC NAT045030 Ecosystems & Habitats / Polar Regions
BISAC SCI081000 Earth Sciences / Hydrology
BISAC SCI092000 Global Warming & Climate Change
BISAC SCI020000 Life Sciences / Ecology
BISAC SCI039000 Life Sciences / Marine Biology
BISAC SOC053000 Regional Studies
BISAC TEC060000 Marine & Naval
Plastik v nastoyaschee vremya yavlyaetsya ne tol'ko samym rasprostranennym materialom, ispol'zuemym prakticheski vo vseh otraslyah zhiznedeyatel'nosti cheloveka, no i v silu svoey specifichnoy struktury stal sozdavat' problemu, svyazannuyu s zagryazneniem okruzhayuschey sredy. I kak pokazyvayut issledovaniya, provodimye v razlichnyh regionah mira, ne tol'ko obychnye plastikovye othody predstavlyayut ugrozu dlya ekosistem, ih pobochnye produkty, tak nazyvaemyy mikroplastik. V Rossii, a tem bolee v arkticheskih vodah, issledovanie etogo voprosa nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya, tem ne menee, sistemnye issledovaniya provodyatsya s 2014 goda. Tak, pribrezhno-morskaya zona yuga Dal'nego Vostoka yavlyaetsya model'nym regionom, gde otrabatyvayutsya metodicheskie podhody k izucheniyu mikroplastika, izuchaetsya ego raspredelenie i kachestvennyy sostav v pribrezhnyh akvatoriyah, beregovom grunte, rechnyh sistemah. V 2017 godu vo vremya ekspedicii, organizovannoy Associaciey «Morskoe nasledie: issleduem i sohranim», byli vypolneny pionernye raboty po obsledovaniyu pribrezhno-morskoy zony ostrovov Zemli Franca-Iosifa s cel'yu vyyavleniya i ocenki masshtabov zagryazneniya makroplastikom. Kachestvennyy analiz byl proveden na baze Dal'nevostochnogo federal'nogo universiteta, v rezul'tate chego ustanovleno, chto mikroplastik v neznachitel'nom kolichestve, no vse zhe vstrechaetsya kak v pribrezhnoy akvatorii, tak i v beregovom grunte. Spektral'nyy analiz poluchennyh obrazcov pokazal, chto bol'shaya chast' vytyanutyh chastic mikroplastika sootvetstvuyut sopolimeru s 60% poliestera i 40% neylona, drugaya chast' vytyanutyh volokon sootvetstvuet polipropilenu. Chast' naibolee melkih chastic predstavlyalo soboy polimery na osnove vinilhlorida i ego sopolimerov.
of microplastics, Arctic, Franz-Joseph, marine-coastal zone, pollution
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